The Importance of Having Dreams Free Essays

Dreams! Objectives! Standards! They all mean the equivalent. These things are what fill each human alive. They are a piece of life and human instinct. We will compose a custom paper test on The Importance of Having Dreams or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now We as a whole have the innate want for a decent life. Dreams are indispensable to the life of each individual. Without dreams, there is nothing to plan or anticipate; in this manner, no motivation to live. Dreams are what keep all of us going. The meaning of a fantasy is ‘hope’; a motivation; a point. Each individual dreams, the fantasies contrast extraordinarily from individual to individual, some being little while others ridiculously huge. However, for what reason is it significant? Dreams prop us up †inspiring us to never abandon life. You may state you don’t have a fantasy, be that as it may, that’s outlandish †just by needing to have something can likewise be considered as a fabrication. At whatever point you begin to abandon life your fantasies will turn into your caffeinated drink that will prop you up. Carrying on with a life resembles running a long distance race. You run midway and begin to feel your muscles straining then after a couple of runs you begin to surrender †precisely how life works. Life isn’t simply loaded up with rainbows and gumdrops; it will never be loaded up with just joy. Like in a long distance race you will encounter some uneven rounds that will pulls you down, the rough streets that will make you consider surrendering. Be that as it may, in running a significant distance race there will consistently be a spot to get a few rewards, rewards that will give you a lift [ consider Popeye when he eats spinach, he gets macho and begins to spare the maid in trouble ]. In the event that you relate it with life, those rewards are spoken to by your fantasies †figments that power you up to never be stomped on somewhere near depression and desire to surrender. Dreams offer significance to our lives and making us what our identity is. Have you at any point felt so dead as though nothing around you at any point made a difference? Or then again the sentiment of weariness and pointlessness that addresses you at the rear of your brain about your reality? Well I did, and it wasn’t a wonderful inclination. I felt as though I was being sucked in a pit of vacancy. I felt so unfilled, alone and powerless. I even addressed myself why I was alive and it even got to the meaningful part when it didn’t matter to me on the off chance that I bite the dust. Luckily, does days didn’t keep going long. At the point when the idea I had always wanted struck a chord I understood what life really intends to me. It gave me an alternate perspective on life; revealing to me that I can’t pass on not until I accomplish my fantasies. Besides, our delusion makes us what our identity is. Everybody has an alternate dream and these fantasies are what impact our entire lives. Without dreams an individual has no inspiration †there would be no reason for going to class or finding a new line of work, since nobody would fantasy about having a profession or family. Dreams are what rouses us and props us up through the difficult situations. We fantasy about an option that could be better than we by and by have and it is a fantasy like having a fruitful occupation and a family; that propel us to prevail with regards to accomplishing our objectives. â€Å"Men are destined to succeed, not fall flat. â€Å", said by Henry David Thoreau. Our fabrications are there to ensure that we prevail throughout everyday life. We made them to give us trust and to focus on a superior life later on. We endeavor more earnestly every day for satisfying our fantasies with the goal that one day we can gladly reveal to ourselves that we have no more laments throughout everyday life. You wouldn’t need to kick the bucket with laments right? Since you probably won't be upbeat in your next life loaded up with laments in not having the option to accomplish any you had always wanted. Did you realize that fantasies can transform an inert criminal into one of the most persevering man that you’ve ever met? Dreams are incredible things, particularly when you accept and put your heart in them. Dreams change as we get more seasoned and some are less significant than others, yet regardless of how trifling or little the fantasies are, they are as yet significant since it brings some sense into our lives, giving it a reason. Without these fantasies our lives would be unfilled and aimless. Instructions to refer to The Importance of Having Dreams, Papers

Sustainable Business Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Maintainable Business Development - Essay Example Oil industry is normally signified as the most productive business section. Refined items in this creation methodology is framed subsequent to undertaking arrangement of steps, for example, halfway refining, transport, refining, stockpiling and transport, and conveyance of definite items. The unrefined petroleum creation is connected with ecological effects caused at various levels, for example, water, soil, air and living creatures. Contamination is firmly weaved with oil creation as wastewaters, strong waste, mist concentrates and gas outflows released while refining, transportation, penetrating and creation strategy. Water sullying for the most part results during oil creation because of oil slicks or cooling water releases. Refining or creation tasks results into certain destructive outflows like sulfur, alkali, nitrogen oxide, fluorine, corrosive fog, and so forth. There is even periodic arrival of antacid materials and solvents in oil creation stage. Strong waste created howeve r creation will in general pollute surface water and soil (EPA, 2013). Commotion contamination is a significant issue in such component. Oil creation is probably going to cause mishaps as far as blast or fire. In generally setting expanding interest for unrefined petroleum as a significant vitality source is improving its creation rate however as a characteristic asset it is draining at a quicker rate. According to the measurements given in figure3, the pace of oil utilization has expanded throughout the years. This item don't had a long lifecycle and must be supplanted at a fast rate. Oil boring outcomes into consumption of characteristic asset. At the utilization stage tremendous measure of destructive synthetic concoctions and gas is released into climate causing air contamination. This even outcomes into a worldwide temperature alteration alongside escalated clamor contamination. Living creatures are influenced, all things considered, through release of such unsafe toxins. In this examination natural effect brought about by raw petroleum creation and utilization is suitably sketched out. There have

Paris Hilton: The Eigth Deadly SIn :: essays research papers

Paris Hilton: The Eighth Deadly Sin Pride, begrudge, outrage, eagerness, sloth, avarices, desire, and Paris Hilton. The seven dangerous sins and Paris the beneficiary have consolidated to surpass mainstream society as we probably am aware it. It might be a fortuitous event this light stunners most loved number is seven, yet in the pubic eye Paris is the exemplification of such sins. Who accuses her? She’s well known, affluent, excellent, human, and wherever you look. From the TV, to films, magazines, books, apparel lines, and even armature video stores†¦ the rundown goes on, thus she follows. America is fixated on Paris. When Hilton’s hound, Tinkerbell, vanished it made national news. At the point when the beneficiary herself went to a New York Knicks game, Madison square nursery recited her name, while the not all that fortunate Knicks were down thirty focuses in the second from last quarter. Our fixation on Paris has arrived at an untouched high. Americans are currently starting to look, smell, tal k and act like Miss Hilton herself. Pride as expressed in the seven savage sins is the longing to be significant or appealing to other people and to show unnecessary love of self. In such a case America must pardon Miss Hilton, for she has trespassed. Paris had no issue denying she â€Å"feel’s fortunate when she glances in the mirror,† in her December 2004 meeting with Rolling Stones. In any case, does America censure her for feeling fortunate? She is the encapsulation of fortunate and also a creators dream. As Nicole Jones states in her, Getting the Style, discourse Paris has the body of a runway model, and outsider slenderness that couple of bear normally. Fashioners are not numb-skulls to the Paris commotion. Not exclusively can she perfectly don a pattern, she can likewise sell one†¦ or even two. With a solitary picture Paris delivered the Von Dutch decade and the hours of the trucker†¦ cap that is. Paris’s patterns have young people out spending their real money on genuine costly co tton. As Nicole Jones brings up in her discourse, America cherishes Hilton’s design since it isn't unreasonably hard for us to consolidate in our own closet. It didn’t speculate originator, Marciano, to acknowledge he needed to acquire a portion of the Paris’s mainstream society platinum. As indicated by Forbes magazine, in the wake of making Miss Hilton Marciano’s new speculation young lady deals rose about 16%. Paris herself doesn't think little of the intensity of her and name, and fundamentally keeps on submitting the <a href=http://www.

The Limitations Of William Faulkner - 993 Words

Howe, Irving. The Limitations of A Rose for Emily. William Faulkner: A Critical Study. ed. William Faulkner, Bloom s Literature, 2007. Web. 21 Nov. 2015 One of the most famous stories from William Faulkner, an American writer, was â€Å"A rose for Emily† and which requires some understanding. It is about a relation between South and North, with Miss. Emily representing the decadent South and Homer Barron the rapacious North. Faulkner made the story so glaring and pointed in its effects and solicit a stringent line of interpretation. The title of the story can say a lot about the purpose, but once reading through the story, it can justified the theme of the story. Faulkner’s type of writing catches people attention and keeps them reading to the end of the story. The claim that the author is trying to persuade on this argument is completely true because Faulkner made a good job writing the story with atmospheric detail. When I read the story, it can easily catch my attention because of the way he wrote it. Also, The Climax of the story justified the theme of the story. â€Å"one s sense of the story s limitations can be summed up by saying that finally it calls our attention not to its represented material but to the canny skill with which Faulkner manipulates it.†( Howe 1). â€Å"Notable for its control of atmospheric detail, the story is a tour de force, and for all its undeniable detail, too cunningly a tour de force.† (Howe 1) Kurtz, Elizabeth Carney. Faulkner s A Rose forShow MoreRelated As I Lay Dying1 Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesAs I Lay Dying1 William Faulkner uses language in a unique way in his novel As I Lay Dying. Language is a form of expression to show thoughts and emotions. Faulkner uses it to convey the individual characters’ thoughts and feelings. He also uses it to draw a line between language and true expression. 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In the book Literature by Edgar V Roberts, Faulkner begins the story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† with an extremely long sentence which shows the communities reaction to death and immediately displays a scene through gender differences: Read MoreFeminism In A Rose For Emily1379 Words   |  6 PagesEtini Samuel Udoko ENGL 102 – 007 Hatley October 24, 2017 Simply Complexed Women From the beginning women were thought of as being inferior to men, especially when it comes to literature. However, William Faulkner was of the belief that women were the foundation of the family, but also depicted women being as a lesser, more gullible, and small-minded person to the fellow man. 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In both stories, the use of literary elements such as foreshadowing, symbolism, and significant meaning of the titles are essential in bringing the reader to an unexpected and ironic conclusion. The background of both authors, which was fromRead MoreThe Female Role in A Rose for Emily, Miss Brill, and The Storm1160 Words   |  5 Pagesin works like William Faulkners â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† Katherine Mansfields â€Å"Miss Brill,† and Kate Chopins â€Å"The Storm,† the female protagonists are examples of how society has oppressive expectations of women simply because of their gender. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† by William Faulkner, the story starts out with a distinctive split between the motivations of men and women: â€Å"The men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity† (Faulkner 121). 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Adhd The Tears, The Troubles - 2306 Words

Conor Crowley 1/15/15 ADHD: The Tears, The Troubles, The Triumphs In Dedication and Apology to Mary Scimone, Trumbull High School, and all it’s Denizens By Conor Francis Crowley ADHD is a very different beast, to be perfectly frank. You may have heard whispers and statements on how it leads to ‘hyperactivity’ and ‘impulsiveness,’ but it goes a little bit beyond an overzealous person. Sometimes, you say words you don’t exactly mean, words that come out of your mouth that you instantly wish to take back and erase. This innate fear is justified, as I have come to fear incarceration for saying the wrong thing. Now you may be well aware of the dos and don’ts of a human’s sentence memory, but for kids with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, the lines can be a bit more blurred. In fact, you could be arrested for â€Å"hate speech,† intentional or not; according to Doctor Barbara and Fletcher, it’s a good 22.5% chance that you could be arrested if you have ADHD. That scary†¦ but even then, there’s a chance. There’s a chance that you don’t even have to worry about it, provi ded you know what to say. There is a chance, and there always will, that you could rise above your disabilities and become something greater; something I strive to do, now that I saw the gravity of my decisions. And before I go onto this long discussion about ADHD, it’s tears, it’s troubles, and it’s triumphs, I’d like to state something. If your name is Mary Scimone, Tony Scimone or Megan Crowley, if you are aShow MoreRelatedKent Roberts Is One Of The Character In The Book By Jonathan1160 Words   |  5 Pages Kent Roberts is one of the character in the book by Jonathan Mooney, who was diagnosed with ADHD. ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It is a condition which causes symptoms such as inattentiveness, impulsivity and hyperactivity within individuals. Kent struggles with his ability to conform to the ques of society. 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Management of the Company Is Concerned About the Increasing Costs

Question: Discuss Management of the Company Is Concerned About the Increasing Costs? Answer: Introduction RGL wants to decrease the IT costs by virtualising the existing physical IT infrastructure. They got many Xeon servers with different RAM and storage hard disks. The RGL management is doing a research on existing virtualization technologies and they found VMware technology is the best technology for this virtualization project. Entire IT Infrastructure design including servers selection, CPU and RAM Selection, storage selection will be decided. All the design aspects in converting physical IT infrastructure to virtual infrastructure will be investigated. Virtual Technology Solution The existing virtualization technologies are Hyper-V from Microsoft, VSphere technology from VMware and XenApp technology from Citrix. Among these three technologies Microsofts Hyper-V cannot be used in the existing technology as it is not good for desktop virtualization. Citrix XenApp is mainly used for Desktop virtualization but it is not good for server virtualization. Hence only VMware virtualization technology is the only best option for this situation ("VMware Virtualization Management", 2017). Selection of technology VSphere 6.5, ESXi 6.5 ("VMware vSphere 6.5 Documentation Library", 2017), VCENTER 6.5, Tier-1 and Tier-2 SAN, Standard backup and DR solutions offered by VMware, Standard DR solutions offered by the VMware and standard Desktop virtualization technologies offered by VMWare ("Free VMware vSphere Hypervisor, Free Virtualization (ESXi)", 2017). VSphere 6.5 is better then its previous versions like vSphere5.5 (Hatua, 2014) (Herrod, 2010). Usually VMware offers Veeam Technology for Backup. The same can be used for DR Purpose too. DDR Backup also possible. TSM Symantec also offers backup solution for all the VMware infrastructure. That also can be selected if the infrastructure is big. Once servers and virtual machines are backed up, the backup data can be retained for more than a month. The same backup data can be used to recreate the VMs and thus the same backup solution can be used for the DR Purpose too. Existing Infrastructure Server No Hardware Frequency RAM Hard Disk Usage Server-1 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB 140 GB AD Server-2 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB 140 GB AD Server-3 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB SQL Server-4 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB SQL Server-5 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB SQL Server-6 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB 250 GB EMAIL Server-7 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB FILE Server-8 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB FILE Server-9 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB PRINT Server-10 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB PRINT Server-11 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB 140 GB REDHAT Server-12 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB 140 GB REDHAT New Virtual Infrastructure All the existing physical servers will be converted into physical ESXi servers. Necessary VMs will be created in this virtual infrastructure that will support entire IT infrastructure. Server No Hardware Frequency RAM Usage ADESXI-1 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB ESXi Physical Server ADESXI-2 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB ESXi Physical Server SQLESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB ESXi Physical Server SQLESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB ESXi Physical Server SQLESXI-3 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB ESXi Physical Server EMAILESXI Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB ESXi Physical Server FILEESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB ESXi Physical Server FILEESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB ESXi Physical Server PRINTESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB ESXi Physical Server PRINTESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB ESXi Physical Server REDHATESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB ESXi Physical Server REDHATESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB ESXi Physical Server Cluster Formation Server No Hardware Frequency RAM CLUSTER-1 ADESXI-1 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB CLUSTER-1 ADESXI-2 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB CLUSTER-2 SQLESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB CLUSTER-2 SQLESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB CLUSTER-2 SQLESXI-3 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB CLUSTER-1 EMAILESXI Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB CLUSTER-2 FILEESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB CLUSTER-2 FILEESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB CLUSTER-2 PRINTESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB CLUSTER-2 PRINTESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB CLUSTER-3 REDHATESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB CLUSTER-3 REDHATESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB Datastore Formation DATASTORE Server No Hardware Frequency RAM Hard Disk DATASTORE- 1 ADESXI-1 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB 140 GB DATASTORE -1 ADESXI-2 Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB 140 GB DATASTORE -2 SQLESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -2 SQLESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -2 SQLESXI-3 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -1 EMAILESXI Xeon 3.6 GHz 8 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -2 FILEESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -2 FILEESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -2 PRINTESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -2 PRINTESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 4 GB 250 GB DATASTORE -3 REDHATESXI-1 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB 140 GB CLUSTER-3 REDHATESXI-2 Xeon 2.8 GHz 16 GB 140 GB The management can go with one data centre, one domain, one forest solution. They can go with only one VCENTER solution to control the entire virtual infrastructure (Mauro, 2017). VMs needs to be created to support Active Directory, Database, Email, File, print and Unix infrastructure. Distributed switches can be designed to support the entire infrastructure. VSphere 6.5 is a x64 bit OS and hence it supports very large infrastructure. The security in the VMware solution is good. The IT infrastructure can be expanded very easily. For the given cost since the quality is good it is cost effective. VMware supports all the applications. It can support all the engineering and scientific fields. High research software too can be installed in VMware based virtual machines and the software will work well. CPU consuming and Memory consuming software will work well in VMware based products. Vcpu and vRAM can be increased easily. Now a days VSphere6.5 supports hot add facility to the hard disk, RAM so the capacity of the infrastructure can be improved without any down time. Vsphere is a stable technology. Updates will not come very often and hence it wont require any special skills to manage. Updates can be installed very easily. OS updates also possible using update manager. If only one ESXi server is well secured, then that can act as a bench mark ESXi and all other ESXi servers can be brought to the same security level very easily. Host migration and storage migration facilities are there in VSphere. So there wont be any resource crunch in the virtual infrastructure. VSphere supports virtualization of all the business critical applications ("Virtualizing Business Critical Applications - VMware Solutions", 2017). Desktop Solution All the employees are using their own laptops or company provided desktops. These are hardware and hence the hardware cost will be very more if they use physical laptops and physical desktops. Physical machines will be facing lot of hardware issues now and then. VHorizon is the technology offered by the VMware for desktop virtualization. Citrix virtualization also can be used. Since already VSphere technology is used in the virtualization, desktop solution that is very well compatible with the vSphere technology. Horizon supports all the requirements in the given technical organization. vHorzon offers quick desktop start up and shut down facilities. All other resources can be assigned very automatically ("VMware Validated Designs for Software-Defined Data Centre", 2017). Backup Solution Two backup solutions are possible. Symantec backup and Veeam. Veeam is the best one due to lot of reasons. This software can be installed easily, can be configured easily and can be re-configured without much downtime. It supports windows, Unix, mac virtual machines and takes the backup easily. Usually there will be a separate backup VLAN will be used and all the backup traffic will be going through in that VLAN only. Hence backup wont affect the network performance. All the VMs and the applications can be brought to the backup environment very easily. Restore also very easily and it will not consume much resources and time. IBM Tivoli Manager is another backup and restore software that can be used (2017) DR Solution At present the organization got only one data center. They can have another DR center in another state. If they have another DR data center, then they can go with data store replication ("Modernize Data Centers", 2017). They can store the backup copies in local as well as remote places. The backup can be stored in local tapes and that can be used for restore purposes during DR time. VMware offers lot of business continuity and DR solutions ("Business Continuity Disaster Recovery (BCDR) Solutions: VMware", 2017). Cloud based solutions too can be used for backup and DR Purpose ("Server Virtualization using Cloud Environment for Data Storage Backup", 2016). Information Security VSphere is a very secure environment. Distributed switches can be contributed with enough secured VLANs. Data security changes may not happen. Best practices are offered by VMware ("VMware Product Security - Making Our Products More Secure", 2017). The same can be followed. Host profiles can be used to secure the ESXi servers. ISO 27000 Security rules and ITIL rules and terms can be used to secure the environment. VMware Compliance Reference Architecture Framework can be followed for better information security ("Compliance and Cyber Risk Solutions", 2017). Third party vendors like Kaspersky offers lot of security solutions for VMWare infrastructure (Lab, 2017) Conclusion The objective is converting a physical infrastructure to a virtual infrastructure. All the existing asset details are discussed. Hardware details are discussed. Existing operating system details are discussed. The target virtual infrastructure design is provided. All the physical servers need to be converted into ESXi 6.5 servers. vCentre VM can be used to control the entire infrastructure. Veeam solution can be used for both Backup and DR purpose. vHorizon can be used for desktop virtualization. One DR datacentre can be used for best DR purpose. VMware Compliance Reference Architecture Framework and ITIL frame work, best security practices offered by VMware can be used for security provisioning. Updates can be installed very easily. OS updates also possible using update manager. If only one ESXi server is well secured, then that can act as a bench mark ESXi and all other ESXi servers can be brought to the same security level very easily. Host migration and storage migration faciliti es are there in VSphere. So there wont be any resource crunch in the virtual infrastructure. Veeam backup can be used for backup. The same software can be used to restore the virtual infrastructure in DR times. VMware Compliance Reference Architecture Framework can be followed for better information security. Another DR Datacentre can be setup for DR Purpose. References (2017). Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www-03.ibm.com/software/products/en/tivostormanaforsystbackandreco Business Continuity Disaster Recovery (BCDR) Solutions: VMware. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/solutions/business-continuity.html Compliance and Cyber Risk Solutions. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/solutions/compliance-cyber-risk.html Free VMware vSphere Hypervisor, Free Virtualization (ESXi). (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/products/vsphere-hypervisor.html Hatua, A. (2014). Optimal Feature Selection from VMware ESXi 5.1 Feature Set.International Journal Of Chaos, Control, Modelling And Simulation,3(3), 1-8. https://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijccms.2014.3301 Herrod, S. (2010). Systems research and development at VMware.ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review,44(4), 1-2. https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1899928.1899949 Lab, K. (2017).Kaspersky Security For Virtualization Agentless Reinforces Security Capabilities Of VMware NSX For Smart Protection Of Data Centers - Information Security Buzz.Information Security Buzz. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.informationsecuritybuzz.com/news/kaspersky-security-virtualization-agentless-reinforces-security-capabilities-vmware-nsx-smart-protection-data-centers/ Mauro, A. (2017).VMware vCenter Server 6 design - vInfrastructure Blog.Vinfrastructure.it. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://vinfrastructure.it/2015/02/vmware-vcenter-server-6-design/ Modernize Data Centers. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/it-priorities/modernize-data-centers.html Server Virtualization using Cloud Environment for Data Storage Backup. (2016).International Journal Of Science And Research (IJSR),5(6), 449-452. https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/v5i6.nov164021 Virtualization and the Software-Defined Data Center: VMware. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/solutions/software-defined-datacenter/in-depth.html#networking Virtualizing Business Critical Applications - VMware Solutions. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/solutions/business-critical-apps.html VMware Desktop and Application Virtualization. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/products/desktop-virtualization.html VMware Product Security - Making Our Products More Secure. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/security.html VMware Validated Designs for Software-Defined Data Center. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/solutions/software-defined-datacenter/validated-designs.html VMware Virtualization Management. (2017).Vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://www.vmware.com/solutions/virtualization/virtualization-management.html VMware vSphere 6.5 Documentation Library. (2017).Pubs.vmware.com. Retrieved 21 May 2017, from https://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere-65/ind

Ramayana Essays - Ikshvaku Dynasty, Rama, Salakapurusa, Hindu Texts

Ramayana Long ago in the far off land of Ayodha a boy was born. His name was Rama, son of King Dasartha. As he was growing up he met a young girl. The first time he saw her he was stunned by her beauty; it was love at first sight. Her name was Sita. The ended up getting married; there was a big elaborate ceremony. The person who married her had to bend a bow. Not only did Rama Bend it but he broke it. As the years went by they had a happy life King Dasaratha was getting old and wanted to chooses his son Rama as his heir. His wife Kaikeyi asks that he appoint another son Bharata, instead. Kaikeyi pleads that he owes her two favors, and she feels that something bad would happen to her if he doesn't crown Bharata king and send Rama to the forest for fourteen years. The king hesitated but agreed, so Rama goes with his beautiful wife, Sita, and his brother Laksmana, leaving their riches to live a simple life. In the forest the three meet the demoness Surpanakha who falls in love with Rama. Rama doesn't pay attention to her advances and Laksmana hurts her. She runs away to her brother Ravana, ruler of the island kingdom of Lanka. After hearing Surpanakha's report of the beauty of Sita, Ravana decides that he wants Sita as his own wife and changes himself into in wandering holy man to find her in the forest. When Rama and Laksmana are not paying attention, Ravana carries Sita off to Lanka. Sita cries and wishes for Rama in Ravana's garden in Lanka, while Rama and Laksmana try to get the help of Hanuman, the monkey king, to help them find her. Hanuman, able to make himself big or small, starts his search for Sita by taking a giant step to the Island of Lanka. Carrying Rama's ring he finds Sita and tells her he is Rama's messenger. Sita is very happy, but Hanuman is caught and Ravana sets Hanuman's tail on fire. Hanuman escapes and sets the island of Lanka on fire. Rama, Laksmana, Hanuman, and his monkey army start a battle in Lanka. The monkeys make a bridge to Lanka by holding themselves together. The battle was big horrible battle with spears, bows and arrows. Many people died. Rama eventually kills Ravana. Sita, however, when Rama finds her he wants to know if she stayed true to him. When he asks her to take the test by fire; she agrees. Proving her loyalty by remaining unscathed by the fire, she goes back to Rama. Later, Rama abandons her to maintain the sanctity of public opinion and she goes to live in the temple of sage Valmiki and has twin sons Lava and Kusa, who as young men became reunited with their father, the god-king Rama.

17 Tips for Older Job Seekers - Follow in the footsteps of winners!

17 Tips for Older Job Seekers - Follow in the footsteps of winners! Even before LinkedIn posted a blog with tips for older job seekers in September, I received some good news from a couple of my 50+-year-old connections on the job search front. Both of them are followers of my blog, and both agreed to share their stories with you. I hope their success inspires job seekers of all ages to keep on taking action! I pay close attention to my LinkedIn status updates so that I can congratulate people on their new positions. When I got word that Becky S. had obtained a new position as an IT Business Analyst, I wrote to acknowledge her success and she shared the following about how she obtained her new position: Your webinars and e-book were a real encouragement and a definite part of the process.  Thanks for sharing and encouraging all job-seekers! I attended classes and weekly networking sessions at the local WorkForce center met my new boss there. Took a 3-month contract position  which lasted a year.  I am so thankful to have had this opportunity. Posted updates on LinkedIn when attending classes, announcing the approaching contract end and my desire to be the newest member of your team. My new boss maintained contact through LinkedIn.   He even downloaded my resume and considered me an applicant. Three interviews later I had an offer! Note that Becky used social media to her full advantage, demonstrating that even though she might be older she is computer-savvy and on top of current trends.  Also note that she was open to contract positions and accepted one that gave her valuable experience while she was actively looking for other work. Shortly after receiving this message from Becky, another one of my followers, Steven A., gave me the following wisdom stemming from his successful search for a senior-level accountant position: Volunteering was a great confidence-lifter and networking tool. I did that at North Shore Long Island Jewish Medical Center for six months.   It was extremely fulfilling; met new professional contacts / links  and  helped fill  the gap in the resume while  looking for  next position. Strong perseverance, applying for jobs that may not necessarily been 100% qualified for (i.e.  taking chances), Strong LinkedIn profiling participation in group discussions there Having good contacts (such as yourself, Brenda) that help you with strategies and point you in a good direction. Supportive job search services  such as Connect-To-Care  (Little Neck NY other New York locations: FEGS and other channels) were great support groups. Networking helps but unless it is properly targeted it wont always work (e.g. job fairs predominant in sale promotions or  solicitations / advertising  will not help an  unemployed, experienced, professional accountant. [Steven also warns:] Employers, recruiters HRs will never ever  admit it, but age is a negative running factor if the applicant is in fact, older (i.e. for example as myself, over 50).  Many agencies (I recall approaching at least a dozen)  dont ever get back to applicants. Only 2 in  12 ever gave me  leads in a years unemployment time. Job searches must be predominantly independently pursued. Steven’s insights hammer home the message that being active on LinkedIn and pursuing multiple networking opportunities are two keys for the older job seeker. LinkedIn can be used in multiple ways, from researching whom you might know at a particular company in order to network your way in, to   participating in groups, to highlighting your volunteer activities, to attracting recruiters with targeted keywords. In LinkedIn’s blog article, 5 Steps for Older Workers to Succeed in the Job Hunt, author Kerry Hannon offers the following tips: Use a professional e-mail address. [meaning something with your full name if possible, preferably at gmail or a paid provider). And use it! Let your contacts know what you are looking for and find out who would be great to talk to about your search]. Join LinkedIn. [How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile is a great place to start in creating a profile and using LinkedIn to get results. Note that Becky and Steven leveraged LinkedIn to its max and both of them found new positions!] Network. [You can network effectively both on LinkedIn and in person. Hannon points to a new, free service from AARP called Work Reimagined, which leverages LinkedIn’s API to help job hunters find information and job openings. You can sign up for customized job alert postings in your field of interest.] Start a Twitter account. [I defer to Hannon on this one. She says: â€Å"Follow people or companies where you might want to interview. For your username, use your actual name or a shortened form. Include a bio – where you live and what kind of work you do†¦. 160 characters. By following tweets, you can get the scoop on people you may wind up interviewing with and stay on top of a potential employer’s news. You can also share ideas and tips with other job seekers. Plus, you’re expanding your network.†] Don’t be a wallflower. [just like you need to exercise your body to get build muscle, you need to participate in discussions on line and in person, and keep doing your research, to build your job search success muscles. Looking for a job is a full-time job, so create a plan and get into action!] To read the entire LinkedIn blog article, go to 5 Steps for Older Workers to Succeed in the Job Hunt. Using a combination of tips from Becky, Steven and Kerry Hannon, you can win the job search game regardless of your age. If you have found success and have more tips to share, please do so below! And if you want more individual support with your resume and LinkedIn profile, go to www.TheEssayExpert.com. I look forward to working with you!

Florida evergldes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Florida evergldes - Assignment Example In addition, this dangerous species also feed on the same frog for defensive mechanism since it digests the frog’s toxin into its blood. Hence, this reduces the number of frog species in the ecosystem as said by the commentator in the documentary video. The python snake also poses danger to human beings in the ecosystem. An example is a snake that tries to attack the hunter in the video who is later rescued by his colleague. This species can also endanger the lives of people around the forests. Its size enables it to attack a person because of its strength at the tail. This evasive species of the python as it moves it creates a path in the forest. This leads to destruction of small plants which breaks due to the force the species exerts as it crawls on the ground. This reduces the number of plant species available in the ecosystem. The ecosystem in this video includes vegetation, birds and human beings. The anthropogenic effects and impacts are clearly shown in the video. The kind of vegetation available here are papyrus reeds that grows in swampy areas. The trees here are tall acting as habitats for the wild birds. The anthropogenic activities here have a negative impact to the ecosystem such as fire, which destroys trees burning them down. The fire does not only burn trees but it also kills small birds in the ecosystem making the bird species to reduce. Other anthropogenic activity is the cutting down of trees whereby in the video houses are constructed using which is a product of the tree. This poses danger to the tree species as consistence cutting of it will reduce and eventually lead to exhaustion. Birds and other wild animals will migrate due to the interference with habitat. Canoes, which are the transport vessels for human beings on water, are made using timber from trees. As a result, it continues expose a threat to the tree species in the ecosystem. Generally, anthropogenic impact is negative

Cultural dversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cultural dversity - Essay Example One of the demographic changes in United States organization is the increase in immigration. The United States has a higher incidence of immigration than any other country in the world. For example, in 2002 alone, over a million people moved into the U.S from. Of these, the biggest percentage came from Mexico with China closely following. It is important for any organization to understand the effects of immigration. Immigration has the ability of changing a countrys demographic composition, thus affecting the culture. For any organization such as The American Red Cross, immigration serves to increase the amount supply of labor especially for less-skilled occupations. With the increased labor supply, the organization wages and salary policy is affected. The company would therefore, offer lower wages for employees in low-paying less-skilled occupations. Because of the job competition brought about by the immigrants, it is not a surprise to see the less educated workers having a negativ e view of the immigrants hence conflicts in the organization (Mankiw, 1998). Increase in the birthrate would also affect the organization in various ways. Currently, the US is experiencing a low birth rate across all races or ethnic groups. In recent decades, especially from 1990, the birth rate has registered a decline. For example, the birth rate for a Latina woman dropped from 3.0 in 1990 to 2.4 in 2010 (Lerman and Schmidt,1999, p.2). The other racial groups show similar results over the period. A future increase in birth rates will lead to an increase in population growth. A proportionate increase in the supply of the labor force accompanies such rapid population growth. This implies that the rate of job creation should match the rate of labor supply in United States. However, the rate of labor supply outstrips that of job creation. This shows that the quantity of individuals looking

Reign Over Me Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Reign Over Me Evaluation Essay Depression affects all people. Reign Over Me is a movie that deals with a character in a grave state of depression. In Charlie Fineman’s (Adam Sandler) case depression hits hard and leads to a major behavioral change. Fineman blocks out major parts of his life including his college roommate, Alan Johnson (Don Cheadle). After running into him on the street, it takes a while for this encounter to jog his memory of his best friend. We learn later that this depression is due the death of his three daughters and wife in a plane crash. The news devastates Fineman. He cannot function in society the same and loses purpose in life, as well as belief in himself. Instead of letting this distress out and working to recuperate, Fineman shuts everybody out and tries to hide from the truth. This can be a serious problem in today’s society. Many people are embarrassed or too hurt to try to move on and they let what happened dictate their individual future. In this film, directed by Mike Binder and produced by Jack Binder and Michael Rottenberg, the message of depression and its effects is relayed quite clearly. This movie relates to the real world very well; it also helps open up the eyes of many who do not understand what depression can do. Reign Over Me deals with a character who has the biggest part of his life taken from him in an instant. While others cannot tell how much Fineman is suffering by his actions, the loss of his family crushes him. Instead of mourning he falls into a deep state of denial where he almost forgets their existence. An important theme throughout is Fineman trying to fix the wrongs he did to his family, like snapping at his wife about kitchen remodeling or not taking his shoes off. Although they are just little things he makes sure nobody comes in his house with their shoes on and remodels the kitchen several times. These small acts show that he still remembers. There is a scene in the movie where Fineman opens up to Alan, his former roommate. Although he would not open up to the therapist, he tells Alan all about what happened. It was in brief but in this scene you get to see how much recalling his past hurts. Just saying his daughters’ names makes him cry. This scene demonstrates how hard it is for Fineman to talk about his life. Throughout the film, we learn little by little the events  that took place. Outsiders and even his in-laws think that he is disrespecting his deceased loved ones. They do not understand why he does not carry a picture of his family with him or even have one in his house. They take it to the point of wanting to have him committed until he finally talks to them and explains how hard it is to live each day and how hard it is to see them or anybody because he sees his family everywhere. There are many critics and naysayer to this movie as well as supporters. Most of the reviews I read really concentrated on the part played by Adam Sandler. Adam Sandler shoulders a very dramatic character in this movie and this side of him is underappreciated. He is notoriously known for his funny facial expressions and antics. This leads people to believe he can’t play a serious role but in Reign Over Me he hits a home run. The same reviews were not so critical about Don Cheadle. He played a part he is used to playing combing a normal act with the occasional funny quote or joke to keep the viewers on board. The actors play out a very realistic scenario. The ir parts are down to earth and don’t undermine or take away from the message of the movie. From my own personal judgment the movie Reign Over Me takes the viewer into a world many people don’t or won’t ever see. It combines excellent acting with a reasonable story-line that relays a meaningful message. They story is not far-fetched and is very comparable to the realities of many people today. As far as the acting is concerned, both actors play a side the viewer is not accustomed to seeing compared to other movies Adam Sandler and Don Cheadle are known for. Other movies like, Billy Madison (Adam Sandler) or Brooklyn’s Finest (Don Cheadle), these actors have very different parts. This movie shows the talent in each of the individual actors. Both actors play off each other during the movie which takes much skill and created a wholesome and tasteful production. Many scenes are not verbatim and the skill of the actors to improvise makes for an entertaining movie watching experience for the audience. I personally recommend this film to anybody from young adults to the elderly and all of the above. Reign Over Me doesn’t only tell a story but will also tug the heart of the audience in a serious and dramatic rollercoaster ride. The movie may have many critics but I think both actors did a wonderful job throughout the film keeping the audience entertained for the entire two hours and forty minute movie. The debate is on! Go watch the movie today  and take into consideration the many sides and create your own opinion. Works Cited Internet Source – O., Scott. Who Else but an Old Buddy Can Tell How Lost You Are?. New York Times 23 Mar 2007. 1. 2/9/11 . Movie – Reign Over Me. DVD. Sony Pictures UK, 2007.

Death Essay -- essays research papers

Death is the termination of lie and its related clinical signs and has been defined in several ways. Death has various stages, signs, and actors affect it that has physiological and ethical responses. It is the nurse’s responsibility to facilitate coping to the dying and the family members, friends and significant other of that person dying.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Death is defined in various ways such as Heart-Lung Death, Whole Brain Death and Higher Brain Death. Taylor, Lillis in her book states that Heart-Lung Death is : â€Å"The irreversible cessation of spontaneous respiration and circulation†, this definition emerged from the historical idea that the flow o body fluids was essential or lie. Whole Brain Death is defined as â€Å"The irreversible cessation o all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem†. Higher Brain Death is defined as â€Å"The irreversible loss of all ‘higher’ brain functions, of cognitive function and emerged from the belief that the brain is more important than the spinal cord and critical functions are the individuals personality, conscious life, uniqueness, capacity, judging, reasoning, acting, enjoying, and worrying†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The clinical signs of impending or approaching death includes the following: inability to swallow; pitting edema; decreased gastrointestinal and urinary tract activity; bowel and bladder incontinence; loss of motion, sensation, and reflexes; elevated temperature but cold or clammy skin; cyanosis; lowered blood pressure; and noisy or irregular respiration. The client may or may not loss consciousness. The indicators o imminent death is outlined by authors Black, Hawks and Keene states that, â€Å"Certain physical, cognitive, and behavioural changes occurs as a person enters the active dying process. The human body, like any other living organism, seeks survival; in doing so, it oten alters normal physiology. As the body begins to dieblood is commonly shunted to the brain and the heart, the two most common important organs. Thus, peripheral circulation is limited, leading to mottling of cyanosis. Because the kidneys are no longer perfused adequately, there is a dec rease in urine output. Slowly, all body systems become involved in the dying process. Tachycardia and diminished dodo pressure are observed in acute phase of decompensation of the cardiovascular system. The respiratory system... ... The middle-aged often become preoccupied with death as age approaches whereas older adults ear lingering, incapacitating illness and realizes the imminence e death. While the individual is suffering the primary loss, the family and/or significant other must deal with not only the individual reactions, but also with the current loss. The family con provide a support system for the way in which the individual may deal with the loss. They mutually share feelings and openly communicate both negative and positive emotions related to death. In contrast the family in some way is responsible for the death and may thus eel guilty. They may express feeling of anger, shame, overprotection, withdrawal, and identify with the loss or they may feel helpless or hopeless. In assessing the family reaction the nurse should identify the prior interaction style of the system†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although socio-economic status does not influence the degree of emotion experienced, the support system available to channel the emotions is affected. Financial resources – including insurance policies, pensions and saving may provide the dying individual with more options to deal with the death.

Role of Government in Encouraging Innovation

ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION 12/4/2011 Strategic Innovation Management Authored by Nandini Kapur (D326) Kanika Katyal (D325) ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION S T R AT E G I C I N N O VAT I O N M A N A G E M E N T Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 STATE INDUCED INCENTIVES FOR INNOVATION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 TECHNOLOGY INCUBATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 SUPPORT INTERNATIONAL PATENT PROTECTION IN ELECTRONICS & IT (SIP-EIT)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 MULTIPLIER GRANTS SCHEME †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 NATIONAL INNOVATION FOUNDATION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION, DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION (TDPU) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Technology Development and Demonstration Program (TDDP) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Technopreneur Promotion Programme (TePP) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 ‘INNOVATION OF SCIENCE PURSUIT FOR INSPIRE RESEARCH (INSPIRE)' †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 CONCLUSION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Page 1 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Government plays a vital role in any national in novation system, in that it formulates policies that may or may not be conducive to business environment and may or may not reward entrepreneurial quest for innovative products. It further creates an institutional framework which may in varying degree support basic and advanced research in universities, industrial R&D, and grass-root innovations including in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The Government also determines whether, in which industry sectors, and to which degree it welcomes foreign participation, e. g. in form of foreign direct investments (FDI) and whether or not it would like foreign firms to engage in R&D activities on domestic soil. This paper describes the Government of India’s activities that influence, directly or indirectly – intentionally or unintentionally, India’s innovation system. It then moves on to how innovation can be encouraged in the country, and how the entire process can be expedited by Government’s role in policy making. Page 2 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION INTRODUCTION The inability of India to adequately provide for its own population no longer reflects a failure of implementation, but rather of a failure of innovation. In India, innovation is emerging as one of the most important rubrics in the discourse on how to bring about greater and more consistent economic and social development. One observes steadily growing investments in R&D across the country, the setting up of national and state innovation bodies, as well as the introduction of government-sponsored innovation funds. Despite widespread agreement on the importance of innovation in India, there are wide gulfs between different conceptions of innovation and the path India that should take towards securing benefits through investments in innovation. India needs more frugal innovation that produces more frugal cost products and services that are affordable by people at low levels of incomes without compromising the safety, efficiency, and utility of the products. The country also needs processes of innovation that are frugal in the resources required to produce the innovations. The products and processes must also have frugal impact on the earth’s resources. The Government of any country plans and formulates policies that affect the business environment and its way of operation. Such policies can reward or deter entrepreneurial quest, can either encourage or be an impediment to innovation. Page 3 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY Since independence from the British rule in 1947, India has been investing a significant part of its resources, in creating quality institutions of higher education and research. In 1958 Indian Government passed a â€Å"Scientific Policy Resolution 1958†, which stated: â€Å"The key to national prosperity, apart from the spirit of the people, lies, in the modern age, in the effective combination of three factors, technology, raw materials and capital, of which the first is perhaps the most important, since the creation and adoption of new scientific techniques can, in fact, make up for a deficiency in natural resources, and reduce the demands on capital. But technology can only grow out of the study of science and its applications. † In keeping with this objective the Government has established a number of scientific publications in regional languages for school children and other groups in the society to increase scientific awareness in India. These publications are available to public at large mostly at subsidized, affordable rates. Finally, in 2003 a â€Å"Science and Technology Policy† was announced, which recognized â€Å"the changing context of the scientific enterprise†. The new policy has put greater emphasis on innovations to solve national problems on a sustainable basis. For this purpose it even ended the insistence on indigenous development of technology so as to master â€Å"national needs in the new era of globalization†. One of the concrete, declared objectives is â€Å"[t]o promote international science and technology cooperation towards achieving the goals of national development and security, and make it a key element of our international relations†. Dietrich Kebschull, India Representative of the German federal states of Hamburg and SchleswigHolstein said Indian Government has provided valuable backing for key high-tech sectors such as Biotechnology, Pharmaceuticals, IT and IT-enabled sectors, e. g. by providing â€Å"extensive policy and infrastructural support† through setting up of technology parks and continuing strengthening of communication facilities. Indian Government actively tries to foster entrepreneurship, for instance by encouraging spin-offs of R&D institutions to promote technology transfer. Increase of new ventures (e. g. start-ups) is an important Governmental aim. STATE INDUCED INCENTIVES FOR INNOVATION The Government has launched several innovation funding programs. According to information provided by the Technopreneur Promotion Programme (TePP) at Department of Scientific & Industrial Research, S&T budget has been increased significantly in previous years. â€Å"No project application†, recounts an official, â€Å"has been rejected on account of financial constraints†. 20 outreach centers have been established in various parts of the country to facilitate support programs. Whereas focus of the funding programs was up to 2007 as such on innovations and not on particular sectors, in the 11th Five-Year Plan (2008-2012) the focus is to be put on â€Å"niche technology areas† like nanotechnology, biotechnology and ICT. Page 4 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION The processing time for TePP applications is typically just 3 to 4 months with 20% acceptance rate. â€Å"Rejections†, asserts an official working with TePP, â€Å"are invariably given with feedback†. Another senior official in DST points out that all scientific ministries at administrative level are headed by scientists and technologists. The posting of scientists in key positions in Ministry of Science and Technology (MST), the nodal agency in the Government for funding innovation projects and incubating activities, says this official, are done deliberately to ensure that there is less bureaucracy in the functioning. To bring â€Å"grass-root level into contact with the formal sector, universities and other research centers†, a â€Å"National Innovation Foundation† had been established. In Dec. 2007, India’s Department of Telecom announced a USD 2. 5 billion package to fund innovations in communications technologies. Entrepreneurs, SMEs, universities and NGOs that have developed communication technologies may seek funding for the â€Å"commercial roll-out of their innovations†, especially those â€Å"linked to improving quality of services or making telecom operations more economical† Also the New Millennium India Technology Leadership Initiative (NMITLI) program is worth mentioning. This program has been launched with an intention to go â€Å"beyond today’s technology and seeks to build, capture and retain for India a leadership position by synergizing the best competencies of publicly funded R&D institutions, academia and private industry† An official at German Embassy in New Delhi says local Government supports those foreign SMEs that don’t have enough resources to start their own R&D units, by providing facilities / incubators, especially via research institutions like Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and Society for Innovation and Development (SID), both in Bangalore, to settle down in India and also to cooperate with local research institutes and firms. Additionally, India also offers tax incentives for R&D operations in the country. For example, expenditure incurred on R&D may be deducted from corporate taxes with a weighted average of 150%. For a detailed account of financial incentives, see DSIR (2006). TECHNOLOGY INCUBATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURS Department of Information Technology’s (DIT) Technological Incubation and Development of Entrepreneurs (TIDE) scheme was launched in the year 2008. The Scheme has multipronged approach in the area of Electronics, ICT and Management. Some of the broad objectives of the scheme include the following. ? Setting up and strengthening Technology Incubation Centres in institutions of higher learning, nurture Technology Entrepreneurship Development for commercial exploitation of technologies developed by them Promoting product oriented research and development ? Page 5 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION ? Encourage development of indigenous products and packages and bridging the gap between R&D and commercialisation. At present the scheme is being implemented at 15 TIDE centers. Eventually the scheme proposes to support 27 TIDE centers and 2 virtual incubation centres over a period of 4 years. SUPPORT INTERNATIONAL PATENT PROTECTION IN ELECTRONICS & IT (SIPEIT) SCHEME In order to encourage filing of international patents, a Scheme Support International Patent Protection in Electronics & IT (SIP-EIT) has been put in place. The Scheme Supports International Patent Protection in Electronics & IT by SMEs(Small and Medium Enterprises) and Technology Start-Up Companies. Under this scheme, SMEs and Technology Start-up units will be reimbursed up to 50% of actual costs, up to a maximum of Rs. 15 lakhs per application, incurred in filing international patent applications in Electronics and ICT domain for their indigenous inventions. Through this scheme DIT aims to encourage indigenous innovation and enable the companies to capture global opportunities in the area of Electronics and Information Technology. MULTIPLIER GRANTS SCHEME Multiplier Grants Scheme (MGS) encourages collaborative R&D between industry and academics/ R&D institutions for development of products and packages and bridge the gap between R&D and commercialization. NATIONAL INNOVATION FOUNDATION The main goals include providing institutional support in scouting, spawning, sustaining and scaling up grassroots green innovations and helping their transition to self supporting activities. NIF seeks to achieve this goal by drawing upon the HoneyBee network and its collaborating partners. The Honeybee Network and Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions (SRISTI) have been scouting innovations by farmers, artisans, women, etc. at the grassroots level. The Honey Bee database of 10,000 innovations, collected and documented by SRISTI, would be a part of the National Register of Innovations, is to be managed and supported by NIF. The primary objectives of NIF are to: ? ? ? Help India become an innovative and creative society and a global leader in sustainable technologies by scouting, spawning and sustaining grassroots innovations. Ensure evolution and diffusion of green grassroots innovation in a selective, time-bound and mission oriented basis so as to meet the socio-economic and environmental needs of society. Provide institutional support in scouting, spawning, sustaining and scaling up grassroots green innovations as well as outstanding traditional knowledge and helping their transition to self supporting activities. Page 6 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION ? Build linkages between excellence in formal scientific systems and informal knowledge systems and create a knowledge network to link various stakeholders through application of information technology and other means; etc. To meet its objectives in scouting, awarding and incubation of grassroot innovations, NIF has set up five dedicated departments to execute innovation to enterprise development models:? ? ? ? ? Scouting and Documentation Business Development and Micro Venture Value Addition and Research and Development Intellectual Property Management Dissemination and Information Technology Management TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION, DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION (TDPU) Aimed at promoting technology development and industrial research in the country as well as encouraging its utilization by various sections of economy, be it industry, academic, scientific institution and the society at large. The programmes and activities under this scheme are centered around promoting industrial R&D; development and commercialization of technologies; acquisition, management and export of technologies; promotion of consultancy capabilities; etc. Under TDPU Programme, there is one very important programme component called â€Å"Technology Development and Innovation Programme (TDIP)†, which aims to develop technologies and promote innovation in the country. TDIP is sub-divided into 2 programmes, namely:- Technology Development and Demonstration Pr ogram (TDDP) It was earlier known as ‘Programme Aimed at Technological Self-reliance (PATSER)'. It is a plan scheme of Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) to promote industry’s efforts in development and demonstration of indigenous technologies, development of capital goods and absorption of imported technologies. That is, its broad objectives for achieving self-sufficiency in industrial growth are:? ? Supporting industry for technology absorption, development and demonstration. Building indigenous capabilities for development and commercialisation of contemporary products and process of high impact. ? Involvement of national research organisations in joint projects with industry. ? Technology evaluation in selected sectors. To achieve such objectives, DSIR provides on a selective basis partial financial support to research, development, design nd engineering (RDDE) projects proposed by industry in the following areas: ? Development and Demonstration of new or improved product and process technologies including those for specialized capital goods, for both domestic and export markets. ? Absorption and up gradation of imported technology. Page 7 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION The partial financial support by DSIR is primarily meant for covering expenditure involved in prototype development and pilot plant work, test and evaluation of products flowing from such R&D, user trials, etc. Bulks of costs of the project are from the industry’s resources. Technopreneur Promotion Programme (TePP) It was launched to tap the vast innovative potential of the citizen of India. TePP is a mechanism to promote individual innovators to become technology-based entrepreneurs (Technopreneurs). Thus, its main objectives are to:? ? ? Promote and support untapped creativity of individual innovators. Assist the individual innovators to become technology based entrepreneurs. Assist the technopreneur in networking and forge linkages with other constituents of the innovation chain for commercialization of their developments. The activities under TePP include providing financial support to selected and screened individual innovators having original ideas for converting them into working models, prototypes and so on. TePP assistance is provided to the innovator to meet expenditure on the following: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? R&D/Engineering consultancy Procure small equipment, tools etc. required Raw Material/ Accessories (for prototype/process trials), Fabrication cost (for prototypes) Patent guidance and support Manpower Testing & Trials any other relevant costs TePP support to the innovators is limited to 90% of the total cost of the project and remaining 10% is to be borne by the innovator/inventor. ‘INNOVATION OF SCIENCE PURSUIT FOR INSPIRE RESEARCH (INSPIRE)' It is another such innovative programs proposed by the Department of Science and Technology for attraction of talent to science. The basic objective of INSPIRE would be to communicate to the youth population of the country the excitements of creative pursuit of science and attract talent to the study of science at an early stage and build the required critical human resource pool for strengthening and expanding the Science & Technology system and R&D base. INSPIRE Scheme has included three components. They are: (i) Scheme for Early Attraction of Talents for Science (SEATS); (ii) Scholarship for Higher Education (SHE); and (iii) Assured Opportunity for Research Careers (AORC). Page 8 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ENCOURAGING INNOVATION CONCLUSION There is a large pool of technically-trained personnel in India, but its density of Research Scientists and Engineers (RSEs) is one of the lowest. However, there is no appreciation of this issue as a problem in policy circles. The country has very few research grants specifically for the enterprise sector. Even those that it has are largely utilised by public sector enterprises. The technological infrastructure of the country is fairly sophisticated (at least by Developing Country standards). The network of laboratories under the umbrella of the CSIR forms an important component of this technological infrastructure. The interaction of these labs with the enterprise sector, despite efforts to enhance it, is still very low. Part of the difficulty arises from the low demand for innovations from the enterprise sector. Tax incentives are not very popular because of their

The Importance Of Distributing Desert Based Aid At A Small...

Question Three: In arguing in favor of the importance of distributing desert (merit) based financial aid at a small liberal arts school such as Green Mountain College, several arguments present themselves: one, desert based aid insures that incoming students meet a standard that facilitates strong academics, which in turn improves the school s reputation and contributes to its long term viability; two, it incentivises students to work hard academically, benefiting fellow students and faculty who appreciate active classroom involvement and discussion; and three, students with good grades have likely worked hard for them and deserve just compensation for their work. Rawls would argue in favor of awarding merit scholarships on the grounds†¦show more content†¦My own children are being raised by parents with both more money and more education. Yet I do not see my children as having significantly better opportunities than I had at their age† (9). Therefore, although unequal opportunity prevents low income segments of the population from having a fair chance at receiving merit based aid, the same argument, according to Mankiw, doesn’t apply to the one percent in relation to the middle class who all have fairly equal opportunity. The case against awarding merit based financial aid rests heavily on the argument posited by McIntosh in her paper on white and male privilege. McIntosh asserts that we can only begin to grasp the full extent of the role privilege plays in society today. She states, â€Å"Obliviousness about white advantage, like obliviousness about male advantage, is kept strongly inculturated in the United States so as to maintain the myth of meritocracy† (123). Because privilege is so ingrained in the workings of society, and because the effects of privilege are greater and more complex than any metric used to determine merit based aid can account for, merit based aid should be abandoned. 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The House on Mango Street and Esperanza’s Relationship...

Throughout the course of Mango Street, Esperanza’s relationship towards her house change. As time passes her feelings about the house itself change and the emotional impact of the house of her changes as well. Esperanza’s house on Mango Street symbolizes her Mexican culture. For so long she has wanted to leave it. She envisions a different type of life than what she is used to - moving from house to house. â€Å"this house is going to be different / my life is going to be different†. One can look at all the things she envisions - the trappings of the good life such as the running water, the garden etc. as symbols for the new life. In the beginning of the story Esperana is told that her new house on Mango Street will be the answer†¦show more content†¦This new house lacks these improvements. It is no different from her previous homes. Esperanza is forever marked by the house and neighborhood she lives in. She wants to be like other kids who are allowed to eat their lunch at school instead of having to go home everyday. These students live father from the school than she does. Esperanza assumes these children live in better houses and neighborhoods. She is embarrassed by her house and angry that she must be identified by it. As said by Sister Superior, â€Å"I bet I can see your house from my window. Which one? Come here. Which one is your house?† The sister points to an ugly row of houses in the general direction of Esperanzas address. Esperanza comes to accept her house as part of her. During the course of the book she learns, you cant leave your culture, your roots. She observes and experiences growth. She matures. She develops opinions about dress and dating. She becomes more aware about the behaviors of people around her - she develops her sense of right and wrong. In the end, when she writes that she will leave but come back for some . she shows that she has become more comfortable with who she is. She does not reject her culture entirely - there are aspects of it that she embraces. She will always return to theShow MoreRelated House on Mango Street Essay833 Words   |  4 Pages Esperanza is torn between deciding whether she wants to escape Mango Street. She is embarrassed by the superficial appearance of her identity, but appreciates her roots. Her house is a wreck and the neighborhood, probably not much better off. However, she has loving family and friends. Although marriage has caused the suffering of many of the women in her neighborhood, she realizes that she needs men to fulfill the new desires she attains as she hits adolescence. Through the novel, Esperanza maturesRead MoreThe House On Mango Street Analysis768 Words   |  4 Pagesauthor, is most known for her first novel, The House on Mango Street. 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Trend in International Business Environment - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Trend in International Business Environment. Answer: Introduction The economic framework in the global framework, over the years, has experienced significant dynamics and modifications in the last few decades, which in turn can be attributed to the economic and global phenomena occurring in different corners of the world. The global economic environment, over the past decades has become more integrated and inclusive owing to economic phenomena like Globalization, Liberalization of economic environment of the major countries and increasing scopes of setting up commercial and political relations among the different countries across the world. This immense dynamics in the global economy have direct implications on the business and commercial environment across the world, which has also been subjected to immense modifications relating to the changing patterns of operations of businesses in different parts of the world. Over the years, the main incentive of doing business, globally, has remained the same, that is of acquiring maximum profit and economic prospects as well long term sustainability in their operations. However, the mode of operations in the business organizations and the work culture have significantly changes over the years, catering to the needs of the situations and facilitated by the inventions and development of technologies and provisions which makes the process of doing business easy, convenient, cost saving and time effective. The changes in the work culture and global business environment includes multi-dimensional domains like the way in which the employees interact, the communications among different participants in the businesses, production methods, management of businesses and others to name a few. With a more integrated international commercial environment and with increasing number of businesses going global, these changes have become inevitable and have been facilitate d by facilities like internet, which makes communication across the world extremely easy. Taking this aspect into consideration, many business organizations are undergoing radical changes in their workplace arrangements, which includes introduction of new practices like that of hot-desking, stand-up and corridor meetings, home offices and others to make their operations more dynamic and cost and time effective. The concerned report tries to discuss these new methods taken by the business organizations in the contemporary periods, in details. The report also emphasizes on analyzing the need for introduction of the same, the motivation behind the same and tries to analyze whether the companies, implementing such methods are getting added advantages and desired benefits over those who still stick to the conventional methods of doing business. For the purpose of doing the same the report tries to conduct an extensive review of the literatures and scholarly works which are present regarding aspects, thereby comparing and discussing the learned opinions prevailing across the wo rld regarding this aspect, taking into account the empirical evidences and examples relevant to the same. Dynamics in the Global Business Environment To understand the evolution and implementation of radical changes in the workplace operations by the different enterprises across the world, it is of immense importance to understand the trends prevailing in the global business environment and the evolution of the same over the years. There exists different opinions regarding the concept of the global business environment of which the one put forward by Wild, Wild and Han (2014), seems to be robust and inclusive. The authors define the concept of the international business environment as the open forum in which the commercial transactions (both public and private) takes places between the relevant organizations of different countries. Over the years, with the integration of the leading economies of the world, attributed to phenomena like Globalizations, Liberalizations, Free Trade Agreements and inter-country migration and usage of labor and other resources of production, there has been a significant increase in the number of enterpr ises and countries actively operating under the domain of international business environment. There are several contributing factors, according to the literary evidences to the expansion of operations in the global business environment, with more and more companies going global. The primary ones, as found to be asserted by different scholarly opinions are discussed in the following sections. Reasons behind the increase in operations of enterprises in international business Casson (2013) in his working paper briefly discussing about the evolution of the global business environment, elaborates about the primary reasons behind the continuously expanding domain of international business and inclusion of more organizations as participants in the same. The primary ones put forward by the author are as follows: Increasing innovations and progress in technological aspects, which facilitates in integrating the global economy and making overseas operations of businesses convenient and time saving Increase in easy transport globally and the fall in the cost of overseas travel has also facilitated commercial enterprises to increase their domain of operations in countries other than their home country With communication getting easier, mainly due to the invention and increased usage of internet, it becomes easier for the organizations to connect instantly with any corner of the world, which in turn helps them in controlling their business operations in different countries from a remote place of operations The views of Casson are strongly supported by many other authors including Verbeke (2013), who adds to the arguments by adding the aspects of change in consumption and life style patterns of people across the world. This in turn has changed the global consumption patterns massively, thereby making the business environment more inclusive as well as competitive. Given this situation and the ease of doing international business, more companies are expanding their domain of operations globally The arguments put forward by the authors in the above section, emphasizes on the fact that over the years the operational framework of the business organizations have changed massively, with most of them going global and venturing in more than one domain of operations, thereby making their production and supply of products and services multi-dimensional. This in turn, as argued by Putnam and Mumby (2013), indicates towards the need for change and improvisations in the modes of operations within these business enterprises, which also includes the workplace arrangements, such that the resources present with the companies can be optimally used and the production can be maximized. Changes in the workplace arrangements with time There are many opinions regarding the fact that over the years the commercial organizations have been modifying their workplace arrangements significantly and incorporating new means in doing the same, the changes being radical in many instances. Christensen and Schneider (2015), have argued in this aspect asserting that over the years the usual commercial workplaces have undergone considerable changes in the pattern of operating with the inclusion of new ways of working by the employees in these organizations. However, the authors have not elaborated on the measures and new age working methods which are being adopted by these organizations in this aspect and have only discussed about the evolution of business workplaces across the world over time. Coenen and Kok (2014), augments the arguments put forward by the former authors, regarding the evolution of commercial workplaces with time and the new arrangement adopted by them in the global scenario. According to the authors, to cater to the changes in the demand as well as supply patterns, the operations and production activities of the companies have been experiencing significant changes, which includes radical workplaces changes like implementation of work from home, hot-desking, corridor and stand-up meetings, space sharing, flexible work shifts and others. These new age workplace arrangements, as opined by different scholars, are put forward in the following sections. New Workplace Arrangements Over the last few decades, the conventional concept of workplace, that is of several people sitting in a room, at same place and working for a fixed duration daily, doing several pre-assigned jobs, has changed considerably. The businesses going global and multi-dimensional, the organizations are venturing in many industries and domain of operations, which in turn have led them to relax the conventional working norms and work cultures and implement flexibilities in the same to utilize the resources present with them as far as possible and find new channels to reap profits by finding new ways of utilizing their full capacities. The new changes, often implemented in the workplace arrangements are as follows: Work From Home One of the current workplace arrangement changes which are increasingly taken into account by the business organizations across the world, in many industries, is the practice of home office or working from home. Bloom (2014), elaborately discusses the concept of working from home as the method of operations, especially adopted by the different commercial organizations across different parts of the world, where the employees of the company can perform their professional activities without being present at the work location during the normal business timings. This implies that an employee can work independently from home, without staying electronically connected to the team or the employer, during the business hours. Motivations behind implementation of working from home Bridgman (2016), discusses the expected benefits of the implementation of working from home in the contemporary commercial scenario, which motivates the organizations to implement the same. These motivating reasons according to the author are as follows: The first benefit of introducing the practice of working from home, as per the assertions of the author, is that it is expected to increase the productivity of the employees by saving time and effort to travel to the workplace, this being especially true for those employees who stay far from their offices. Another argument in favor of the same is that this practice helps the employers to cut the overhead costs of making provisions for the employees within the office to a considerable level, thereby increasing the cost effectiveness in their production operations. Kruse (2018), puts forward another motivating factor behind the incorporation of work from home practices in the current business scenario across the world, which is the aspect of less distraction, less stressed environment and working in the quieter atmosphere, which is expected to increase the productivity of the employees, thereby benefitting the employers in the long run, in terms of profitability. Another crucial aspect of the need for implementing the working from home practices in the commercial domain, as put forward by Klein and Myrdal (2013), is that from the perspective of female workers. As has been rightly put forward by the authors and supported by many other scholarly evidences including that of Slaughter (2015), the work force participation of women have increased significantly over the years, with increasing scopes of education and skill development of women. However, in spite of their increasing participation in different commercial arena, across the world, the women workforce still faces the problem of trading off between their work and household responsibilities, especially after their marriage and child birth. According to the authors, this leads to immense lay-offs and resignation of the female employees in many organizations, thereby affecting the welfare of the employees as well as the profitability of the enterprises negatively. However, with the implementation of work from home practices, the authors argue that this problem can be combated to a considerable extent, as the female employees will no longer have to trade off between work and child rearing and can maintain a perfect work life balance. This may also help the male employees in the same aspects. This in turn can help the business organizations in terms of retaining their precious resources and increase in the overall productivity and cost effectiveness. Problems in working from home Thus, it can be seen that there exists significant positive arguments in favor of the implementation of the practice of working from home in the businesses in the contemporary periods. There are, however, several arguments put forward by scholars, against the concept of work from home. Sturges (2012), argues that often with the implementation of working from home practices, the productivity of employees decrease as they tend to pay less attention to work and there rises sincerity issues. The author also argues that there exists many industries and job roles where there remains no scope of implementing work from home option, thereby making the scope of implantation of the same restricted. His views are also supported by Clapperton (2018), who suggests that among the problems of working from home, the trust issues of the employers is not the primary issue. The main issues according to the author, are the problem of over-working of the employees, lack of colleague support, feeling of is olation and also the absence of proper infrastructure in the residences, the last problem being even more acute in the low developed countries. Case Study Bloom et al. (2014), conducted an experiment on the reputed Chinese travel company, CTrip, with 16,000 employees, where the call center support staffs who opted for work from home option showed a 13% increase in their performance. This led the company to roll out the same for all the employees, where the increase in the productivity of the company was as high as 22%, much due to the work satisfaction and convenience of the employees. Hot-Desking Another important change in the conventional arrangements in the workplaces, which have been increasingly adopted by the business organizations across the world, is the practice of hot-desking in the business organizations. According to Gilson et al. (2012), the term Hot-Desking, being a new concept in work-place arrangement, refers to the system, where more than one worker can work from one desk or work station, thereby having no fixed sitting arrangements and dynamic access to resources as per requirement of the workers. Given the dynamics which the business organizations face in the contemporary global scenario, there are several motivations, on part of the companies, which have been asserted by many scholars over time. Motivation behind implementing hot-desking in business enterprises Felstead (2012), in his elaborate research on the aspects of changing workplace dynamics in the current economic situations, emphasizing especially on the business enterprises operating in the United Kingdom, puts forward the motivations prevailing in the aspect of hot-desking, which are as follows: As per the author, hot-desking allows different employees to access the same working desk in an office, at different times, which reduces the cost of the companies significantly as they do not need to create a work station for each employee. This is especially beneficial in the ever integrating global business environment. The author argues that, with more businesses going global, the need for multi-shift working among the business organizations are increasing, which in turn, required the same to employ workers in different shifts to cater to their multi-national clientele. Hot-desking comes as an efficient workplace arrangement for such situations, as the same increases the productivity of each resource and decreases the cost of operations of the business organizations. Another argument, put forward in favor of the practice, by Strobbe et al. (2012), is that working in different work stations on different days, help the employees to work in the neighborhood of different people in the same office, which in turn helps in better communication, inflow of knowledge from different sections and expansion of the domain of expertise of the employees. This in turn, expectedly contributes positively in the long run productivity of the concerned companies. Brink, Van Meel and Nielsen (2014) augment the previous assertions by arguing that hot-desking not only encourages employees to reduce cumbersome clutters, but also make them feel more free to use the resources present in the office. Under this practice, each employee can use the infrastructures present in the office more efficiently, thereby making the production more cost effective. Problems in hot-desking Not all scholars agree to the positive implications of hot-desking in the business organizations. Baldry and Barnes (2012), argue in their elaborate and empirically supported research findings that there are several impacts of hot-desking, which contributes negatively in the productivity of the employees, thereby having negative implications for the companies in the long run. As per the authors, hot-desking often gives rise to a state of unorganized and inadequate accommodation for the employees, especially when employees are more in number. This forces the employees to waste time in finding a work station for themselves, thereby decreasing their productivity and the profitability of the organizations. The practice, according to the authors, also creates the problem of lack of focusing capabilities among the employees as they need to get accustomed to a new work desk and neighborhood every day (Den Dulk et al. 2013). Case Study The findings of Bull and Brown (2012), suggest that there are mixed implications of hot-desking in the contemporary commercial organizations. While there are evidences of positive implications of the same in the big Silicon Valley based companies like Amazon, Google and others, the evidences provided by Coenen and Kok (2014), show that many people in general do not support the idea as it detaches them from their team, thereby increasing their stress levels as they do not get their familiar peers and their support. Stand-Up or Corridor Meeting Susman (2018), in his article, discussed about another radical change which the workplaces are often implementing in their work culture, which is commonly known as stand-up meeting or corridor meeting. The practice involves the work related discussions and meetings among the attendees, but not in the conventional set-up, but while standing. Motivations to implement Stand-up Meeting According to the author the main benefits of stand-up meeting, which motivates the companies to take this method are as follows: The meetings are usually short and compact as they are done while standing, which creates discomfort if dragged for a long time. The meetings being short-spanned can be done in an informal way, on a regular basis, among teams, which in turn may help in understanding the progress of the same and may also help in creating more channels of communication among the employees. Problems in Corridor or Stand-Up Meetings However, there may also be several problems in conducting the meeting in this way. Brunelle, (2012), argues that this arrangement, due to the short span of meeting, only works when all the participants of the same are focused and clear about their objective of the meeting. Otherwise this may actually be a waste of time. Conclusion Apart from the above discussed changes in the arrangements, there have also been introduction of new work methods like that of virtual meetings, webinars and others, which is highly facilitated by the new age technologies and usage of internets. As the evidences shown above suggests, the implications of the same are mixed. While most of the companies, implementing these methods are benefitted in terms of cost effectiveness, time saving and team integration, there have also been evidences of negative effects of the same in some cases, in terms of inconvenience of some employees and management, which actually added to the loss of their productivity. Together the findings suggest that there are scopes and prospects of implementation of new age workplace arrangements, with the work patterns and operational dynamics considerably changing with time and with more and more companies expanding their domain of operations in other countries as well as in different industries, provided the arran gements are implemented keeping relevance to the structure of the concerned companies, the conveniences of the employers as well as the employees and also the feasibility and viability of the measures for the same. References Baldry, C. and Barnes, A., 2012. The open-plan academy: space, control and the undermining of professional identity.Work, employment and society,26(2), pp.228-245. Bloom, N., 2014. To raise productivity, let more employees work from home.Harvard business review,92(1/2), pp.28-29. Bloom, N., Liang, J., Roberts, J. and Ying, Z.J., 2014. Does working from home work? Evidence from a Chinese experiment.The Quarterly Journal of Economics,130(1), pp.165-218. Bridgman, B., 2016. Home productivity.Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control,71, pp.60-76. Brink, R., Van Meel, J. and Nielsen, S.B., 2014. The shared building portfolio: an exploration and typology. InProceedings of CIB Facilities Management Conference 2014(pp. 154-165). Brunelle, E., 2012. Virtuality in work arrangements and affective organizational commitment.International Journal of Business and Social Science,3(2). Bull, M. and Brown, T., 2012. Change communication: the impact on satisfaction with alternative workplace strategies.Facilities,30(3/4), pp.135-151. Casson, M. ed., 2013.The Growth of International Business (RLE International Business). Routledge. Christensen, K. and Schneider, B. eds., 2015.Workplace flexibility: Realigning 20th-century jobs for a 21st-century workforce. Cornell University Press. Clapperton, G. (2018).Forbes Welcome.Forbes.com. Retrieved 9 January 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/guyclapperton/2014/05/16/home-working-three-real-problems-and-employer-trust-isnt-one-of-them/#5970236f54ab Coenen, M. and Kok, R.A., 2014. Workplace flexibility and new product development performance: The role of telework and flexible work schedules.European Management Journal,32(4), pp.564-576. Coenen, M. and Kok, R.A., 2014. Workplace flexibility and new product development performance: The role of telework and flexible work schedules.European Management Journal,32(4), pp.564-576. Den Dulk, L., Groeneveld, S., Ollier-Malaterre, A. and Valcour, M., 2013. National context in work-life research: A multi-level cross-national analysis of the adoption of workplace work-life arrangements in Europe.European Management Journal,31(5), pp.478-494. Felstead, A., 2012. Rapid change or slow evolution? Changing places of work and their consequences in the UK.Journal of Transport Geography,21, pp.31-38. Gilson, N.D., Suppini, A., Ryde, G.C., Brown, H.E. and Brown, W.J., 2012. Does the use of standing hotdesks change sedentary work time in an open plan office?.Preventive medicine,54(1), pp.65-67. Klein, V. and Myrdal, A., 2013.Women's two roles: Home and work. Routledge. Kruse, K. (2018).Forbes Welcome.Forbes.com. Retrieved 9 January 2018, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/kevinkruse/2012/12/18/benefits-working-from-home/#7ef5f6871d4c Putnam, L.L. and Mumby, D.K. eds., 2013.The SAGE handbook of organizational communication: Advances in theory, research, and methods. Sage Publications. Slaughter, A.M., 2015.Why women still can't have it all(p. 100). OneWorld. Strobbe, M., Van Laere, O., Ongenae, F., Dauwe, S., Dhoedt, B., De Turck, F., Demeester, P. and Luyten, K., 2012. Novel applications integrate location and context information.IEEE Pervasive Computing,11(2), pp.64-73. Sturges, J., 2012. Crafting a balance between work and home.Human Relations,65(12), pp.1539-1559. Susman, A. (2018).What's a Stand-Up Meeting and Why Is It Beneficial?. [online] HuffPost. Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/aron-susman/whats-a-stand-up-meeting-_b_5915958.html [Accessed 10 Jan. 2018]. Verbeke, A., 2013.International business strategy. Cambridge University Press. Wild, J.J., Wild, K.L. and Han, J.C., 2014.International business. Pearson Education Limited.